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(NoModeL) J. M. BERGER. Magazine Fire Arm.

Patented Oct. 19,1880.

IN VENTOR WITNESSES ATTORNEYS.

WASHINGTON D C UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEQ JEAN M. BERGER, OF ST. ETIENNE, FRANCE.

MAGAZINE FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,466, dated October 19, 1880. Application filed August 17, 1880. (No model.) Patented in France October 28, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J EAN MARIUS BERGER, of St. Etienne, France, have invented a new and Improved Magazine Fire-Arm and I do hereby declare that thefollowiug is afull,clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a side view of a pistol with the nearest plate and section of thehandle removed, showing the position of the parts when at rest. Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing the magazinechamber opened and the changed position of the parts while in the act of loading and firing. Fig. 3 is a top view. Fig. 4. are details of the breechblock and extractor. Fig. 5 shows a modification of the hammer and trigger and Fig. 6 is a cross-section through the line no 00, showing the barrel and magazine-chamber.

My invention relates to certain improvements in magazine fire-arms of that class in which the magazine is in the nature of a supplemental cylinder or barrelj ust beneath the firing-barrel, and from which the cartridges are projected as fast as they are used up by the expansion of a spiral spring within having a cartridge-pusher on its end.

The invention consists in the construction and arrangement of the magazine for affording greater facility for filling the same; and also in the construction and arrangement of the breech-block, cartridge-carrier, hammer, and trigger, with connecting mechanism, whereby these parts are operated simultaneously on the self-cocking principle, or by independent hammer and trigger action, as hereinafter more fully described. I will first describe the selfcocking construction.

In the drawings,Arepresents the self-cocking trigger, having a ring, A, for the finger, as usual, by pulling upon which the hammer B is raised to the position seen in Fig. 2. For this purpose the trigger A is pivoted on an axis, A and is articulated at O to a pawl, O,

which has at its upper end a notch which takes in a lug or projection, B, of the hammer, and which pawl is pressed thereagainst by a spring, a, so that the shoulders C (J rest one below and the other above the said lug.

D is the breech-block, which has an ordinary firing-pin, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2,) and which breech-block closes the rear end of the barrel and is held up against the same loythe hammer. The adjacent faces of the breechblock and hammer are provided with corre sponding teeth or shoulders B B, which look into each other when the hammer is down,and these teeth are so relativelyarranged as to be in a straight, or nearly straight, line between the axis B of the hammer and'ithe cartridgeface of the breech-block. The object of this is to cause the hammer to resistany back-thrust on the breech-block due to the explosion of the charge. The breech-blockis pivoted on an axis, D, and is raised or thrown back to permitthe removal of the shell and insertion of a new cartridge simultaneously with the elevation of the hammer, and by the same power applied through trigger A. For this purpose a downwardly-curved push-bar, E, is jointed at its rear end to the hammer below its axis,and at its forward end is provided with a roller, E which, as the push-bar moves forward fromthe retraction of the hammer, strikes a spur, d rigid on the breech-block and projecting below its axis. This throws the breech-block back against the tension of a curved spring, J, whose rear end is fixed at J and whose forward end is attach ed to the breech-block by being hooked into the piece L. (See Fig. 4,.)

For carrying the cartridges from the magazine to the barrela vertically rising and falling cartrid ge-carrier, G, is provided, which has a seat at its upper surface for the cartridge, and lugs G on each side, which slide in vertical guidegrooves in the side plates of the arm. For actuating this cartridge-carrier a liftingbar, F, is pivoted upon the same axis, A as the trigger A, and is curved over the axis D of the breechblock, so that its forward end, F rests beneath the cartridge-carrier G. This bar F has a horn, F, which is struck by the breech-block as the latter is thrown back, causing the bar F to be also tilted back, and to raise, by its forward end, the cartridge-carrier Gr, so that the cartridge occupies the normal position of the breech-block in alignment with the barrel of the arm. The parts of the arm now occupy the relation shown in Fig. 2, and upon pulling the trigger A a little farther back the following consecutive and nearly simultaneous actions take place: Push-bar E passes off spur D and the breech-block, from the tension of its spring J, moves forward and drives the cartridge into the barrel, while at the same time the cartridge-carrier G- drops again to the position shown in Fig. 1. Immediately following, this pawl G is brought into such a position that the lug B passes out of the notch and the hammer falls, striking the firing-pin and locking the breech-block in position to resist the explosion.

In constructing the push-bar E it is prefer' J ably. made of two parallel bars ene ct which rests upon one side, and the other of which rests upon the-other side, of the trigger A.

For imparting the tension of the mainsprin g K to the hammer a link, K, connects the two in a well-known manner.

For facilityin charging the ma gazine-chamber I provide a cylindrical barrel, I, contained within a barrel, 1?, which latter is cut away at one side. This barrel I turns on its axis in P, and has a pin, b, working in a slot in P, to determine the extent of such movement. The barrel I has also two longitudinal slots, through one of which the stem of the cartridge-pusherR slides, the latter being provided with a button or knob, Q, and which permits the cartridge-pusher to push the line of the cartridges into the carrier G from the tension of a spiral spring, T. The other one of the longitudinal slots in barrel I is of a size large enough to receive a cartridge laterally, and this slot may be turned into registration with the opening in barrel P by drawing the cartridge-pusher back and turning its pin Q into the transverse slot Q, as in Fig. 2. As soon as this chamber is filled with cartridges the button Q is turned back so as to turn the large slot over to the solid side of P, and allow the tension of the spring to exert itself against the line of cartridge.

For extracting the shell of the exploded cartridge simultaneously with the movement before mentioned a bar, M, Fig. 4, is provided, with a hooked cartridge-extractor at one end, which catches the flange of the cartridge, as in Fig. 3. This bar slides in a groove in plate M, and has next to the breech-block a cam, M, which plays in a recess, a. a a a, Fig. 4, in the side of the breech-block, so that when the breech-block is drawn back the extractor is drawn back with it and the shell pulled out and discharged by the rising of the other cartridge beneath it.

When it is not desired to use the self-cock- 5 in g principle a three-pronged supplemental trigger, O, is provided. Against one of these prongs bears a supplemental branched spring, N. The forward prong, O, rests against trigger A, and the upper prong is adapted to catch 6 in the notch c of the hammer. Now, when the hammer is pulled back by the direct power of the hand the upper prong of O maintains it cocked until pressure on trigger A bears against the forward prong, O, and by throw- 6 ing the trigger 0 removes the upper prong from the notch 0, thus allowing the arm to be cooked and fired in the ordinary manner.

If it be desired that the arm should be constructedwithout the self-cocking principle, the 7 trigger A, pawl U, and trigger 0 should be left out and their places supplied by such a trigger as is shown in Fig. 5.

Having thus described my-invention, what I claim as new is- 7 1. The hammer 13, carrying pivoted pushbar E, the trigger A, carrying pawl 0, adapted to engage with thehammer, the pivoted breechblock having spur or lug D and spring J, the vertically-sliding cartridge-carrier G, and the 8 tilting-bar F, having horn F, all combined with each other and with the mainspring of the arm, as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the cartridge-carrier G, the tilting-bar F, having horn F, the breech- 8 block D, having spur D the push-bar E, and the hammer articulated thereto, and acting through the same to operate the other parts, as described.

3. A magazine-barrel for a fire-arm having 9 a slot in one side of a width large enough to receive thecartridges, combined with and made axially adjustable in an exterior barrel closed on one side and cut away on the other, so that the two openings may be thrown into coinci- 9 dence to permit the lateral insertion of the cartridges, and then be turned, one with respect to the other, to throw the openings out of registration to retain the cartridges, as described.

' JEAN MARIUS BERGER. Witnesses:

EDMOND DELORME, PIERRE BERJAT. 

